1. Painkillers (e.g., Paracetamol, Ibuprofen)
While effective for relieving pain and fever, overuse—especially in high doses or over long periods—can lead to kidney damage.
2. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
Drugs like naproxen and diclofenac reduce inflammation and pain but can decrease blood flow to the kidneys, raising the risk of kidney failure—especially in older adults and people with heart conditions.
